Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Elgomhoria Street, Damanhour22511, Elbehera, Egypt
2
Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, El-Behera, Egypt
3
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
4
National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
5
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
Abstract
Etoposide exhibits antibacterial, antimalarial, and anticancer properties. Three Babesia parasites namely, B. bovis, B. bigemina, and B. caballi and Theileria equi were used to assess the remedial impacts of etoposide in vitro. Etoposide’s impact on the transcription of the type II DNA topoisomerase, the DNA gyrase subunits A and B genes, has been studied using reverse-transcription PCR. Etoposide exhibited significant growth inhibition, having IC50 estimates of 3.5 for B. bovis, 4 for B. bigemina, 3.7 for B. caballi, and 4 for T. equi nM. It suppressed growth in B. bovis and T. equi, B. bigemina, and B. caballi at concentrations, including 25 µM and 10 µM, respectively. Throughout the viability assay, it inhibited the regrowth of the four piroplasms at 10 µM. RT-PCR revealed etoposide therapy repressed DNA gyrase transcription in B. bovis. Therefore, the DNA gyrase is the target of etoposide in B. bovis. Etoposide showed promise in treating babesiosis and theileriosis in vitro but requires further studies in vivo evaluation for mouse babesiosis.
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