Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Animal Health Research institute
2
Animal Health researcher institute
3
animal health researcher institute
4
Pathology and Clinical Pathology Department, Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Agricultural Research Centre (ARC), Egypt.
5
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine.Microbiology department.zagazig university
10.21608/ejvs.2025.419094.3095
Abstract
Aeromonas hydrophila is a significant pathogen affecting warm-water fish, particularly Nile
tilapia, leading to various bacterial illnesses. This study investigates the limitations of antibiotics in treating A. hydrophila infections and explores selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) as a potential alternative treatment. The research was conducted in Sharkia governorate, Egypt, where a high prevalence (92%) of Aeromonas spp. was found among isolated strains, all exhibiting multidrug resistance to 11 out of 13 antibiotics tested. In a 35-day feeding trial involving 120 Nile tilapia, fish were divided into four groups: a control group, a group receiving a basal diet supplemented with Se-NPs, a positive control group infected with A. hydrophila, and a group receiving Se-NPs while also infected. Results indicated that A. hydrophila infection led to significant alterations in hematological and biochemical profiles, including increased levels of liver enzymes (ALT, AST, ALK, GGT), urea, creatinine, and uric acid, alongside decreased total protein, albumin, globulin, and antioxidant enzyme levels. However, dietary supplementation with Se-NPs significantly improved these parameters, enhancing antioxidant activity and immune response in Nile tilapia. Furthermore, Se-NPs mitigated the pathological effects caused by A. hydrophila infection, suggesting their potential as an effective treatment strategy for managing bacterial diseases in aquaculture.
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