Royal Jelly as A Natural Analgesic and Antipyretic: Experimental Insights and PGE2 Modulation

Attia, Hany G.; Khalil, Hosam H.; Mohammed, Ayeda Y.A.; Mohamed, Ahmed Nagy; Mohamed, Shereif S.; Alotaibi, Faez; Amer, Hany; Ali, Gamal Abdeldaiem; Hammam, Abdel Mohsen Mohamed

doi:10.21608/ejvs.2025.413840.3043

Royal Jelly as A Natural Analgesic and Antipyretic: Experimental Insights and PGE2 Modulation

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran 1988, Saudi Arabia

² Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts, Najran University, Najran 11001, Saudi Arabia

³ Department of Animal Reproduction &AI, Veterinary Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt

⁴ Nutrition and Food Science Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt

⁵ Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia

10.21608/ejvs.2025.413840.3043

Abstract

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) plays a crucial role in pain and fever pathways, sensitizing nociceptors and regulating hypothalamic set points during inflammation. This study evaluates the analgesic and antipyretic effects of Royal Jelly, a nutrient-rich secretion from honeybees, in Wistar rats and Swiss albino mice, comparing its effects to those of Ibuprofen, Paracetamol, and Celecoxib. Royal jelly at a high dose of 200 mg/kg showed significant analgesic effects using hot plate technique, achieving 95.31% pain inhibition at 30 minutes and 37.53% at 60 minutes, outperforming Celecoxib. It also demonstrated a dose-dependent reduction in acetic acid-induced writhing, with inhibition rates of 42.01% for 100 mg/kg and 57.08% for 200 mg/kg, indicating both central and peripheral analgesic actions. Regarding antipyretic activity, royal jelly (200 mg/kg) produced a delayed yet sustained reduction in fever, achieving 68.57% inhibition at 2 hours and 85.71% at 3 hours post-treatment. In contrast, Paracetamol provided a rapid response with an 80.41% reduction at 1 hour. Royal jelly ’s prolonged effects suggest it may modulate inflammatory mediators by suppressing prostaglandin biosynthesis. where our result shed the light on both ibuprofen (200 mg/kg) and high-dose royal jelly (200 mg/kg) significantly lowered PGE₂ levels, while the low dose (100 mg/kg) did not show any noted changes While its onset is slower than conventional drugs, its sustained action may offer therapeutic advantages. Future research should explore the synergistic potential of combining royal jelly with standard analgesics and antipyretics for improved clinical outcomes.

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