Bacteriological and Molecular Characterization of Mycobacterium avium Subspecies Paratuberculosis in Camel

Gamal Eldeen, Asmaa Elsayed; Mohammed, Rania Saleh; Elshawadfy, Abdelhalim; Abd Allah, Attia

doi:10.21608/ejvs.2025.404771.2971

Bacteriological and Molecular Characterization of Mycobacterium avium Subspecies Paratuberculosis in Camel

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Bacteriology department, animal health research institute, Dokki, Giza, ARC- Egypt

² Bacteriology Dept., Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt.

³ Researcher at Bacteriology Dept., Animal Health Research Institute, Mansoura Provincial Lab., Agriculture Research Center, Egypt.

⁴ bacteriology department, animal health research institute, dokki, Giza

10.21608/ejvs.2025.404771.2971

Abstract

Paratuberculosis
Is an infectious bacterial disease mostly upsets sheep, camels, goats, and cattle characterized by severe emaciation , chronic diarrhea with decreasing milk production. The World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH) has identified paratuberculosis as a noteworthy disease that needs to be reported to it. Camel milk and meat are considered an important source of protein. So that, our objective is to determine the actual frequency of Paratuberculosis in camels , using a traditional and molecular techniques, and to discover the risk factors related to camel paratuberculosis, to offer a thorough comprehension of disease's epidemiology in Egypt. In this work, 200 serum samples and 200 samples of feces were collected from adult Arabian dromedary camels (older than 5 years) from different localities between March 2023 and December 2023. After incubation for 4-20 weeks on Herrold's EggYolk Medium, bacterial culture results of fecal samples from camels were 7 positive samples from the 40 pooled fecal specimens. Identification of colonies was confirmed by using Zeihl Nelseen stain; through preparing a film from isolated colonies had red acid alcohol-fast bacilli. ELISA test revealed 62 (31%) of the 200 serum samples were positive Mycoacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. All tested isolates were confirmed the q- PCR. The results deduced that the culture method is the most reliable method for detecting paratuberculosis. Although the specificity and sensitivity of primers should be carefully considered, molecular diagnostics (PCR) may be a helpful technique in identifying truly positive and negative camels.

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