An Overview on the Impact of Vitamin C in Attenuating Toxic Effects of Fibronil in Nile Tilapia

Gad, Sara Ali; Salim, Nanies Salim; Nasr, Mai Elsyed; Abd EL-Hamied, Sahar Samir

doi:10.21608/ejvs.2025.378700.2805

An Overview on the Impact of Vitamin C in Attenuating Toxic Effects of Fibronil in Nile Tilapia

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Pathology and Clinical Pathology Department, Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Zagazig Branch, Agricultural Research Centre (ARC), Egypt.

² Biochemistry Department, Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Zagazig branch, Agricultural Research Centre (ARC), Egypt.

10.21608/ejvs.2025.378700.2805

Abstract

A two-month experiment was lined up to examine the harmful impacts of Fibronil in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) beside studying the mechanism by which vitamin C can attenuate these effects. One hundred eighty fish were randomly classified into four groups, with three replicates in each (n = 45/group, 15 per replicate). The first group kept as control, the second group was supplemented with vitamin C by (50 mg/L) in water, the third group was exposed to Fibronil by (0.0021 mg/L) (1/20 of 96 hr. LC50) in water, and the fourth group was exhibited to vitamin C and Fibronil together with the same dose of group two and three. There was a significant decrease in BWG and SGR in the fish of group three compared to control and group four. Total RBCs, Hb concentration, and Hct % of Fibronil treated group were significantly decreased than the other groups. The exposure to Fibronil results in a significant elevation of serum levels of ALP, ALT, AST, urea, creatinine, and cortisol with suppression of IgM and lysozyme activity. This toxic effect appeared to be improved by treatment with vitamin C in group (4). Supplementation of vitamin C led to higher Superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels and total antioxidant enzyme capacity. Liver, kidney and intestine of group (3) that treated with Fibronil revealed different histopathological changes which were improved by the addition of vitamin C in group four. Results showed improvement in performance, hematological, biochemical and antioxidant activities by addition of vitamin C.

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