Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.
2
Animal Production Department, Zagazig University, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt.
3
Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
4
Department of Animal, Poultry and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Damietta 34517, Egypt
Abstract
Nanotechnologyhas emerged as a promising strategy to enhance phytochemicals' solubility, bioavailability, and efficacy, addressing limitations encountered in biological systems and industrial applications. This study investigated the effects of nano-emulsified cardamom oil (NCEO) on growth performance, physiological parameters, haematological and biochemical profiles, immune function, and oxidative stress in growing goats during summer. Thirty-two healthy, 4-month-old goats were randomly assigned to four groups (n=8 per group) and fed diets supplemented with NCEO at 0 (NCEO0), 100 (NCEO100), 200 (NCEO200), and 400 (NCEO400) mg/kg, respectively. Results demonstrated that NCEO supplementation significantly improved growth performance (P < 0.05). Compared to NCEO0, NCEO treatments reduced considerably respiration rate and rectal temperature. NCEO at 200 and 400 mg/kg significantly enhanced erythrocyte and leukocyte counts, blood protein levels, kidney and liver function markers, and lipid profiles. Regarding cellular immunity, IgG and IgM levels exhibited a cubic increase in response to NCEO supplementation, with optimal doses estimated at 300 mg NCEO/kg. Conversely, caspase-3 levels showed a quadratic decrease, with an optimal dose of 275 mg NCEO/kg. NCEO) administration resulted in a linear decrease in interleukin-2 (IL-2) levels and a cubic decrease in MDA levels. The total antioxidant capacity (TAC) exhibited a significant linear increase with escalating NCEO concentrations (P < 0.0001). Furthermore, the activities of SOD, GPx, and CAT were significantly enhanced in the NCEO-treated groups (P < 0.01). These findings suggest that dietary supplementation with 200-300 mg/kg NCEO can significantly enhance growth performance, haematological and biochemical profiles, redox status, and immune function in growing goats during summer.
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