Miticidal Efficacy of Selected Plants and Animals Products Against Varroa destructor of Apis dorsata

Shah, Ayesha Haleem; Saeed, Asma; Khan, Sanaullah; Shah, Abdul Haleem; Shah, Jawad Ullah; Shah, Arifa Haleem

doi:10.21608/ejvs.2025.366488.2684

Miticidal Efficacy of Selected Plants and Animals Products Against Varroa destructor of Apis dorsata

Articles in Press

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Institute of Biological Sciences, Gomal University Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

² Institute of Zoological Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan.

10.21608/ejvs.2025.366488.2684

Abstract

To control Varroa destructor and prevent the loss of colonies of Apis dorsata, the miticidal activity of animals and plants origin products were carried out. The colonies of A. dorsata were treated with the goat bile, fish oil, ethanolic extract of propolis and methanolic extract of selected plants. Maximum efficacy was found at 30% in Withania coagulans (72.7%), followed by Curcuma longa (61.9%), Allium sativum (56%), Elettaria cardamomum (53.5%), Nigella sativa (52.9%), Mentha piperita (50%), Zingiber officinale (47%) and Linum usitatissimum (38.8%). In case of animal origin products, maximum efficacy was observed with goat bile (62.5%) followed by honeybee propolis (35.7%), then fish oil (21.7%). The different plants and animal origin products showed statistically highly significant effect (p<0.05). In case of treating with mixture of extracts of propolis and each plant origin product, highest efficacy rate was noted with a mixtures in a ratio of 3:3, of propolis and W.coagulans (90.9%), followed by mixture of propolis and A.sativum (82%), mixture of propolis and C.longa (73.9%), mixture of propolis and E.cardamomum (72%), mixture of propolis and Z.officinale (67.8%), mixture of propolis and N.sativa (66.6%), mixture of propolis and M.piperita (64.5%), and mixture of propolis and L.usitatissimum (53%). Statistically highly significant result was obtained (p<0.05) for the mixture of propolis and plants origin products. The mixture of propolis and W.coagulans in a ratio of 3:3 was most effective and significant. The mixture of extracts of honeybees propolis and plants products is natural miticide and more effective for control of Varroa destructor.

Keywords