Antibiotic Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Its Prevalence, Isolation and Prevention Techniques

Elashry, Ahmed N.; El-Said, Esmat I.; Abd ElAal, Salah F.; Bayomi, Mohamed A. Bayomi A.; Abdelfatah, Eman N.

doi:10.21608/ejvs.2025.368801.2705

Antibiotic Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Its Prevalence, Isolation and Prevention Techniques

Document Type : Review Artical

Authors

Department of Food Control, Zagazig University, Zagazig City, 44511, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt

10.21608/ejvs.2025.368801.2705

Abstract

Staphylococcus is one of the major causes of human infection that normally presents on mucous membranes and skin but can become pathogenic under some conditions and cause bacteremia, cellulitis, sepsis, urinary tract infection (UTI), and pneumonia. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is considered the most dangerous species, as it shows different mechanisms of pathogenicity. The severity of diseases that it causes is due to the production of several putative virulence factors and possession of antibiotic resistance genes such as mecA, vanA, staphylococcal exotoxins, and other factors that facilitate the initiation of disease process, immune evasion, and host tissue destruction. It is a highly adaptable bacterium that develops resistance to the majority of antibiotics on the market. Drug resistance in S. aureus has gradually risen over the last few decades as the pathogen has evolved and antibiotics have been abused. The emergence of antimicrobial resistance in S. aureus posed a major veterinary and public challenge worldwide. S. aureus being a highly versatile pathogen, can quickly acquire resistance genes. The development of resistance in bacteria predates the era of antibiotic use. This review aims to highlight - AMR S. aureus, its prevalence, ecology, and antimicrobial resistance and, to explore recently effective prevention and control strategies to mitigate its impact on public health.

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