Study of Changes in the Level of Some Hormones and Minerals and Ultrasonography Diagnosis in Dairy Cows Suffering from Mid-Gestation Fetal's Death in Fayoum Governorate, Egypt

Najuib, Heba S.; BR., Abdel-Halim; Abd El Gawad, El Sayed M.M.; A., Saber

doi:10.21608/ejvs.2025.345172.2566

Study of Changes in the Level of Some Hormones and Minerals and Ultrasonography Diagnosis in Dairy Cows Suffering from Mid-Gestation Fetal's Death in Fayoum Governorate, Egypt

Articles in Press

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt

10.21608/ejvs.2025.345172.2566

Abstract

The current study was aimed to evaluate and compare ultrasonography, reproductive hormones and some minerals of pregnancy and pregnancy loss around the period of the second trimester. The study also aimed to correlate these profiles with the resumption of ovarian cyclicity after treatment. Twenty cows (20) were examined using ultrasonography (US) immediately before artificial insemination (AI) to ensure the absence of any uterine abnormalities, with all cows showing signs of true oestrus. For pregnancy and pregnancy loss diagnosis, US were performed at the day 90-180 after AI in all cows. Blood samples were collected at each US and at 3-4 weeks Post synthetic prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) treatments. Blood samples were collected from the tail vein and plasma was separated for the analysis of reproductive hormones (estradiol-17β and progesterone) and minerals like (calcium, inorganic phosphorus, sodium and zinc) using commercially available kits. The results revealed that ten cows (n=10) were confirmed as pregnant between days 90 and 180 post-insemination, and fetal death (FD) was observed in ten cows (n=10) during the same period. To evaluate the resumption of ovarian cyclist, all cows were examined by US at 10 days after synthetic PGF2α treatment followed by subsequent examination daily. The mean plasma progesterone (P4) and estradiol (E2) levels in cows under FD cows were significantly (p < 0.05) lower than those in pregnant cows. The P4 level in FD cows were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than those in treated cows. However, E2 level in FD cows were significantly (p < 0.05) lower than those in treated cows. The plasma mineral profile was influenced by the reproductive stages, which there were changes in the plasma concentrations of calcium and zinc were significantly (p < 0.05) lower than those in cows under pregnancy. Calcium and zinc values were increased in treated cows than FD cows. The plasma concentrations of sodium in FD cows not significantly higher than those in pregnant cows following by decreasing sodium in treated cows than FD cows. Inorganic phosphorus did not change significantly. Inorganic phosphorus decrease in FD cows than control pregnant one following by increase in treated cows. Our study suggested hormonal and mineral imbalances might be a pathophysiological cause of FD. Additionally, the study highlighted the role of ultrasonography in diagnosing FD and monitoring the resumption of ovarian cyclist.

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