Highlight on Propolis-Pollen Nanoemulsion Effect on Some Avian Viruses on Chicken Embryo Eggs

Elmasry, Dalia M.A.; Said, Dalia; El-Shaarawy, Dina O.; EL-Husseini, Dalia M.; Adel, Amany; El-kanawaty, Zakaria R.; Abo Hatab, Eman M.; Shahein, Momtaz A.

doi:10.21608/ejvs.2025.335949.2491

Highlight on Propolis-Pollen Nanoemulsion Effect on Some Avian Viruses on Chicken Embryo Eggs

Articles in Press

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ 7th nadi elsaid, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center

² Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center P.O. Box 264-Dokki, Giza 12618, Egypt..

³ Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center P.O. Box 264-Dokki, Giza 12618, Egypt.

⁴ Nanomaterial synthesis and Research Unit, Animal Health Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt, Postal Code: 264.

⁵ Virology research Dept., Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center P.O. Box 264-Dokki, Giza 12618, Egypt

⁶ Virology research Dept., Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center P.O. Box 264-Dokki, Giza 12618, Egypt.

10.21608/ejvs.2025.335949.2491

Abstract

This study investigates the antiviral potential of Propolis-pollen nanoemulsion (PP-NE) against four major poultry viruses: H5N8 avian influenza (H5), Newcastle disease virus (NDV), infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), and infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). PP-Ne were prepared using a phase titration approach and registered under Egyptian Academy of Scientific Research number EG/P/2024/653. The nanoparticles were characterized by LC-MS/MS and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), revealing a spherical shape with an average size of 13.34±2.102 nm. The cytotoxicity assessment using Vero cells and Sulforhodamine B (SRB) stain indicated an IC50 of 23.19 μg/mL. Phenolic compounds, including curcumadiol and methyl oleate, were identified as key components.To assess the antiviral efficacy, virus-nanoparticle mixtures were incubated at 37°C for 2, 4, 8, and 24 hours before inoculating specific pathogen-free embryonated chicken eggs (SPF-ECE). Viral activity was monitored using real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) tests. The results demonstrated significant inhibition of viral replication for all tested viruses. H5N8 after 8 hours (p = 0.009), IBDV after 24 hours (p = 0.002192), NDV after 4 hours (p = 0.004106), and IBV showed complete inhibition after 24 hours (p = 0.000255) .These findings highlight the potential of PP-NE as an effective antiviral agent in veterinary medicine, warranting further research into their application for controlling viral infections in poultry.

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