Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Microbiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
2
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
3
Anaerobic unit, department of bacteriology, Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.arch institute
4
Microbiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University, Matrouh, Egypt.
Abstract
Enterotoxemia that is caused by Clostridium perfringens is one of the most important diseases in small ruminants. This study is aimed to reveal the prevalence, toxinotyping, and antibiotic resistance profiles of C. perfringens in the localities under study as Matrouh Governorate. A total of 150 internal samples (intestine and internal: liver, kidney, heart, and lung) were collected from the suddenly dead sheep and goats and investigated for the presence of C. perfringens. Out of 90 sheep and 60 goats, C. perfringens was isolated from 59 sheep (65.6%) and 40 goats (66.7%), respectively. According to PCR analysis, the most prevalent type was C. perfringens type A, which was represented 70.8% of the total toxigenic isolate types, while C. perfringens types B and D were represented 12.5% and 16.7%, respectively, but no C. perfringens type C or E was detected. By using ELISA, the prevalence of C. perfringens types A, B, and D was 62.5%, 8.3%, and 8.3%, respectively. The antimicrobial sensitivity test reveals that all isolates showed 100% resistance to carbenicillin and aztreonam, 83.3% and 66.7% to kanamycin and erythromycin, respectively. On the other hand, 66.7% of the isolates were showed sensitivity to cefadroxil, lomefloxacin, and oxytetracycline, 50% to cephradin and epicoflocin, and only 33.3% to erythromycin. It was concluded that the mortality rate due to C. perfringens type A was significantly higher than that of C. perfringens types B and D. PCR and ELISA are the most effective methods for toxinotyping C. perfringens.
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