Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Nutrition Unit, Food Control Department, Zagazig University Hospitals, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
2
Unit of Fish Diseases, Animal Health Research Institute, Damietta branch, Damietta, Agriculture Research Center, Egypt
Abstract
In many parts of the world particularly Egypt, fish and shellfish are widely consumed because of their palatability and nutritive value. Despite that, it can be contaminated by chemical residues particularly, heavy metals which accumulate in organs and muscles resulting in various adverse health effects on consumers. A total of 105 samples of tilapia, mullet, and shrimp muscles were purchased from various markets in Damietta Province, Egypt to detect their contamination by lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), and mercury (Hg) using atomic absorption spectrophotometer as well as determination of the estimated daily intake, hazard quotient and hazard index to the detected metals. The obtained results revealed that Pb, Cd, Cu, and Hg were detected in 41.9%, 24.8%, 100%, and 27.6% of the examined fish and shellfish muscles, respectively. The mean concentrations (mg/kg) of pb in tilapia, mullet and shrimp muscles were 0.40±0.11, 0.20±0.06, and 0.22±0.06, respectively; while for Cd the concentrations were 0.03±0.01, 0.01±0.01, and 0.03±0.01, respectively; furthermore 4.67±0.56, 3.29±0.16, and 4.99±0.32 were detected for Cu respectively, and they were 0.59±0.14, 0.08±0.05, and 0.18±0.08 for Hg, respectively. The examined fish and shrimp muscle samples were accepted in varying proportions for their concentration of Pb (65.7%), Cd (82.9%), Cu (100%), and Hg (73.3%). Health risk assessment of the detected heavy metals illustrated that the hazard index was 0.99, 0.21, and 0.39 for tilapia, mullet and shrimp, respectively. Therefore, consumption of these samples may have no health hazard effect on consumers because the HI is less than 1.
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