Lycopene's Immune-protecting, Antioxidant, and Relative Gene Expression Effects Combat Toxicity of Endosulfan in Nile Tilapia

Alamoudi, Muna Omer

doi:10.21608/ejvs.2024.300172.2211

Lycopene's Immune-protecting, Antioxidant, and Relative Gene Expression Effects Combat Toxicity of Endosulfan in Nile Tilapia

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Muna Omer Alamoudi

Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Hail, Hail City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

10.21608/ejvs.2024.300172.2211

Abstract

Endosulfan, an organochlorine pesticide, has been widely used to control insect pets for a long time. However, it has been shown to cause harm to aquatic habitats. The present study set out to evaluate the toxic impacts of pesticide endosulfan on freshwater fish Nile tilapia as well as the lycopene protective benefit against endosulfan poisoning. Duplicated of 4 fish from each four treated groups- a control group fed a basic diet, a group fed a basic diet complement with lycopene, an endosulfan exposure group, and a group fed the basic diet complemented with both lycopene and endosulfan- were studied. The research lasted for four weeks. Endosulfan negatively impacted liver enzymes, plasma protein, and albumin. In addition to affecting immunological indicators and causing a decrease in TNF-α, IL1B, IL-8, INF-γ, and Casps 3 mRNA transcript levels, endosulfan also caused a drop in fish blood cell levels. By increasing lipid peroxide malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and lowering the antioxidant enzyme concentration, endosulfan causes oxidative stress. In contrast, adding lycopene to the endosulfan group somewhat recovered the aforementioned characteristics. The findings confirmed the benefits of adding lycopene to fish meals as a neutral antioxidant to reduce hazardous effects brought on by endosulfan.

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