An Epidemiological and Molecular study Evaluating The Biofilm-Related Markers of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa and Klebsiella Spp. Causing Diarrhea in Ruminants and Humans

E. Abdel-Ghany, Ahmed; A. Ibrahim, Mohamed; M. Abdel Hakim, Mohamed; Abdel Aziz, Sahar Abdel Aleem

doi:10.21608/ejvs.2024.280162.1968

An Epidemiological and Molecular study Evaluating The Biofilm-Related Markers of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa and Klebsiella Spp. Causing Diarrhea in Ruminants and Humans

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Department of Hygiene, Zoonoses and Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt.

² Department of Hygiene, Zoonoses and Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt

10.21608/ejvs.2024.280162.1968

Abstract

Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella spp. are opportunistic pathogens linked to several diseases in both humans and animals, posing a major risk to both human health and the advancement of animal husbandry. The present investigation aimed to determine the prevalence of such pathogens in sheep, cattle, and humans as well as to assess the antimicrobial sensitivity pattern in relation to the most widely prescribed antibiotics and, additionally, to use molecular assays for illustrating the genes linked to biofilm and virulence. Fecal samples were gathered from 791 cattle and 386 sheep, beside 304 human stools. Significant isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was recorded in 16.81%, 7.51%, and 5.59% of cattle, sheep and humans, respectively, while Klebsiella pneumoniae was found in 1.8%, 8.9%, and 1.97% of the cattle, sheep, and human samples. Likewise, Klebsiella oxytoca was isolated from 2.91%, 4.4%, and 0.33% of the samples. The majority of the isolated bacteria showed inconsistent patterns of resistance to different antibiotics, however, ceftriaxone showed favorable effects. The molecular characterization of the tested isolates showed that they were virulent and revealed gene determinants for the ability to form biofilms (pelA and rmpA). It was clarified that antibiotic resistance will lengthen the course of treatment because biofilm formation in the isolates prevents antibiotics to reach the bacteria. Furthermore, there was a correlation between the emergence of multi-drug resistance and elevated biofilm production.

Keywords