Genetic Diversity of Genotype VII, and Virulent Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV), Determined by Cleavage Site Fusion Protein, and Heterogeneity with Commercial Vaccine Strains

Baba Sheikh, Mohammed Omar; Raoof, Hana Sherzad; Sulaiman, Rizgar R; M. Amin, Karzan Omar

doi:10.21608/ejvs.2023.219360.1531

Genetic Diversity of Genotype VII, and Virulent Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV), Determined by Cleavage Site Fusion Protein, and Heterogeneity with Commercial Vaccine Strains

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ university of human development, Sulaimani/Iraq

² College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sulaimani, New Sulaimani, Street 27, Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq

³ Sulaimani veterinary directorate, Epidemiology department, Iraq

10.21608/ejvs.2023.219360.1531

Abstract

The objective of this study was to figure out the most common velogenic NDV strain responsible for virus outbreaks in Sulaimani, Iraq's chicken farms. Even though he implementation of a thorough vaccination program for poultry farm, the infection has spread to commercial broiler. The genetic discrimination between the NDV strains and pathological samples was made using the fusion (F) protein cleavage site. The velogenic NDV strain-specific motif (112R-R-Q-K-R-.F117) for the F protein cleavage site was identified in two NDV isolates (NDV/M/20 and NDV/M2/20). Furthermore, These isolates were identified as belonging to class II, genotype VII, by phylogenetic analysis based on a partial sequence of the F protein gene, in contrast to the commercial vaccine strains that were often employed, which were genotype II of class II. This is the first research to find such NDV strains in commercial chicken farms in Sulaimani province. To ensure proper administration and reaction to emerging strains, field vaccination protocols should be evaluated regularly, also to decrease the potential of epidemics of poultry Newcastle disease, stringent biosecurity measures must be implemented.

Keywords